Ergonomics Training

The way you hold your hands above your keyboard can injure your wrists.

Ergonomics is the study of how people interact with technology and systems. According to David Meister, ergonomists are concerned with the comfort and efficiency of workers. Reducing the number of parts in a machine, using a keyboard wrist pad, or rearranging the order of tasks in a work day are examples of solutions offered through ergonomics.

History

Alphonse Chapanis studied how the layout of an instrument panel could affect pilot error.

The term "ergonomics" was first used by Wojciech Jastrzebowski in 1857, but the early 1900s really saw the beginnings of the discipline. F.W. Taylor's "Scientific Management" and Frank and Lillian Gilbreth's time and motion studies laid the foundation for later research. It was World War II, however, that led to increased interest in ergonomics when Alphonse Chapanis discovered that changing the layout of the instrument panel reduced the number of B-17 bomber runway crashes.

Specializations

Over time, sitting can cause back pain.

The International Ergonomics Association identifies three "domains" of ergonomics: physical, cognizant and organizational. Posture, repetitive movements, and workplace layout receive scrutiny within the physical specialization. The cognizant specialization considers decision-making, stress, interactions with computers and other mental activities. Processes and procedures are the focus in the organizational specialization.

Training

Ergonomists make recommendations about work flow, employee safety, or processes.

Ergonomists can work for companies or as consultants. A degree in occupational health is usually required. Master's degrees are also available. Organizations like the International Ergonomics Association, the Board of Certification in Professional Ergonomics and the National Association of Safety Professionals offer additional certification programs.

References

• "The History of Human Factors and Ergonomics"; David Meister; 1999
• "Introduction to Ergonomics, 2nd edition"; R.S. Bridger; 2003
• "The New York Times"; Alphonse Chapanis Dies at 85; Was a Founder of Ergonomics; Stuart Levietes; October 2002
• International Ergonomics Association: What is Ergonomics?

Resources

• Read this Article in Spanish
• National Association of Safety Professionals
• Board of Certification in Professional Ergonomics