Occlusion Testing

Occlusion testing is performed to treat brain aneurysms or other arterial lesions.

When aneurysm, tumor or other arterial lesion is present in one of the four main arteries that supply blood to the brain, it is necessary to determine if the patient can function normally with the lesion in place. Therefore, occlusion testing is performed to determine if the blockage, or occlusion, will have a significant effect on neurological function.

Preliminary Procedure

Occlusion testing is a painless procedure performed in a hospital radiology department. First, a small catheter is inserted through the groin into the femoral artery and advanced to the affected area. Iodine-containing dye is then used with X-rays to create a detailed image. This determines the exact location of the aneurysm or tumor.

Balloon Insertion

A tiny balloon is inserted into the catheter with a second, smaller catheter and, once at its destination, inflated. This blocks blood flow at the site of the lesion. To prevent clotting, the patient is given anticoagulant, a medication that thins the blood.

Neurological Testing

Clinical testing during the procedure determines blood flow and brain function. A neurologist assesses language and memory, orientation and facial expression. If neurological function is compromised, the balloon is deflated and removed, restoring blood flow and function. If neurological function remains intact, the balloon remains in the artery for approximately 30 minutes and is then deflated and removed.

References

• Cedars-Sinai: Balloon Occlusion Test
• Northwestern Radiology: Balloon Test Occlusion

Resources

• National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke: Cerebral Aneurysm Fact Sheet