Early Detection of Depression in the Elderly

Depression in the elderly can be hard to detect

Depression is not an uncommon component of the aging process. Some elderly people notice symptoms of depression, but don't say anything to friends or family. Others are unaware and their depression remains undetected. It's important to recognize depressive symptoms quickly so that proper treatment can be obtained.

Causes of Depression

Depression can be caused by immobility, change in lifestyle, or a medical problem

Depression can have many causes. According to Timothy A. Rogge, M.D./Psychiatrist, events such as the loss of a spouse or friends, trouble adapting to life changes, chronic pain, illness, and "trouble getting around" are possible senior depression triggers. Side effects to medication can also be a factor.

Early Warning Signs

Frequent complaints and demanding behavior with family and friends is a sign of depression

According to the National Association of Mental Illness (NAMI), warning signs of depression in the elderly include persistent and vague complaints, moving about more slowly, asking for help more often, and being more demanding.

Characteristics

Loss of weight and appetite may indicate depression

According to NAMI, memory problems and confusion characterize depression in the elderly, as does social withdrawal and loss of appetite or weight.

Expert Insight

A study showed that doctors spent limited time assessing the mental health status of their elderly patients

Early symptoms of depression in the elderly are often overlooked. According to a New York Times article on a study by the School of Rural Public Health at Texas A&M, the average time doctors spend discussing mental health with elderly patients is just two minutes.

Misconceptions

Depression can go unnoticed because people assume that as you age you automatically become depressed

Depression in the elderly also goes unnoticed because of the mistaken assumption that depression is an expected reaction to the multiple losses associated with aging.

Considerations

Accompany the elderly to a doctor's appointment to ensure the doctor is aware of possible depressive symptoms

Plan regular contact and visits with the elderly. Be vigilant about changes in behaviors, mental status, mood, appetite, physical appearance, and social connections. If you notice anything out of the ordinary, schedule a doctor's appointment with your elderly loved one and attend it with them. Share your observations and concerns with the physician.

References

• Medline Plus, "Depression-Elderly," by Timothy A. Rogge, M.D., 8/22/2008
• National Alliance on Mental Illness, "Depression in Older Persons Fact Sheet,", reviewed by Ken Duckworth, M.D., October 2009
• New York Times, "Aging: Mental Health Overlooked in Care of Elderly Patients," by Eric Nagourney, January 8, 2008