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What Is a Motor Encoder?

What Is a Motor Encoder? thumbnail
The motor encoder on a vehicle regulates the transmission.

A motor encoder is essential to the functioning of a vehicle's transmission and its four-wheel drive. It consists of a gear-reduction assembly and a permanent magnet motor.

  1. Location

    • The encoder motor is located inside the transfer case, a device that promotes the sharing of a vehicle's power between its two axles. The transfer case is mounted between the transmission and the drive shaft.

    Purpose

    • The motor encoder is responsible for regulating the timing and gearshifts of a vehicle's transmission. It also works in conjunction with the transfer case to regulate axle shifting on four-wheel-drive and all-wheel-drive vehicles.

    Function

    • When a driver shifts gears, the encoder motor is triggered to turn to the proper gear position. By using an attached brake, the encoder then locks the chosen gear position into place. If a driver shifts into four-wheel drive, the transfer case commands the encoder to shift to the proper position and lock accordingly.

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  • Photo Credit a car in a car show image by Gary from Fotolia.com

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