Most Common VoIP Protocol
In the area of data communications, a protocol is set of regulations provided for the exchange of data between two or more parties. As VoIP (voice over Internet protocol) is a communication technology that allows voice/data bits to be exchanged between voice and data networks; therefore, it also requires some protocols for its operations. In this regard, there are many popular protocols, namely H.323, SIP (session initiation protocol) and MGCP (media gateway control protocol). However, among these protocols, H.323 remains most common and widely used VoIP protocol.
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Protocol Structure
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Every communication protocol has a structure that defines major features inside it. H.323 protocol has a structure containing multiple sub-protocols, with four sub-protocols as its major elements. These include DVB/RTP (digital video broadcasting/real time protocol), H.225, H.245 and H.239. In this assembly, DVB/RTP and H.239 are used for real-time transfer of voice, video and text data in applications like voice chat or video conferencing, H.225 for establishing and terminating active connections and H.245 for control and supervisory operations.
Network Elements
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A VoIP network based on H.323 specification contains the following key network elements in its architecture: terminals, MCU (multipoint control units), gateways and gatekeepers. A terminal is simply a computer/telephone set over which H.323 protocol is installed, while MCU simultaneously handles requests of voice/video/text transfer from multiple terminals. Further, a gateway is an interconnecting entity that serves as a junction between VoIP and other networks (like telephone and computer networks), with gatekeepers installed as overall controlling elements of this network.
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Applications
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As evident; H.323 has its major application in VoIP networks. Other applications of H.323 include independent voice chat sessions, video conferencing and online video/audio streaming over computer networks. These rich applications make H.323 a versatile and highly recommended protocol for multimedia operations.
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