4D Technology

Computers can assemble multiple CT images into a single 4D image.

4D technology is used primarily in medical imaging devices, such as ultrasounds or CT scanners, to produce real-time images of internal organs as they slightly shift position within the body over a period of time.

Dimensions

In 2D scans, an ultrasound device or CT scanner takes an image of the body along one plane, known as a "slice." This gives doctors a simple picture of the organs that intersect that particular plane.

3D images frequently come from a series of 2D images that a computer assembles into a three-dimensional map of the organs.

4D takes it a step further by accounting for the movement of organs, showing how they move over a period of time. This is particularly useful for organs such as the lungs that move constantly.

Significance

Doctors can use these images to detect potential problems in fetal development. They also use them to plan radiation treatments in cancer patients, where they use these images to plot the exact location of the tumor. This in turn lets them focus more radiation on the tumor and not on healthy tissue.

Risks

There are no particular risks associated with 4D ultrasound images. Since CT scans involve multiple x-ray images, there is some evidence that the radiation can cause an increased risk of cancer. Discuss any treatment methods with your physician before you undergo a procedure.

References

• Dr. Keith Lescale: 3D/4D Technology
• GE Medical Systems: About GE 4D Ultrasound
• Reuters: Patients urged to weigh CT scan risks and benefits

Resources

• Read this Article in Spanish