Maritime Transportation & Security Act
The Maritime Transportation Security Act of 2002 (MTSA) made substantial changes to security measures in the ports and waterways of the United States. Enacted in response to the terrorist attacks of September of 2001, the law required tougher screening measures by vessels and port facilities to protect against potential security threats.
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History
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In the immediate aftermath of the terrorist attacks of Sept. 11, 2001, federal homeland security officials and members of Congress realized that a similar attack against the nation's ports and waterways would have a devastating impact on shipping and commerce.
Intent
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The MTSA requires more vulnerability assessments and planning by port facilities and vessels, along with more technology to identify vessels. It also set up Area Maritime Security Committees to coordinate security activities for each port. This helps officials communicate as well as ensure the safety of these locations.
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Features
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The law applied to many types of facilities and vessels that have a "higher risk of involvement in a transportation security incident," according to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security.
Challenges
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A Government Accountability Office report in 2003 found that only a limited number of ports could implement the Automatic Identification System for identifying vessels because few ports had the necessary infrastructure to use the AIS.
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References
- U.S. Department of Homeland Security - Homeport; Maritime Sectors Affected by MTSA.
- Government Accountability Office: Statement of Margaret Wrightson, Director of Homeland Security and Justice Issues; September 2003.
- U.S. Department of Homeland Security - Homeport: Maritime Transportation Security Act.
- Photo Credit port image by Leonid Nyshko from Fotolia.com
