What Is a Goniometer Used For?

A goniometer is a device used to measure angles or to allow an object to be rotated to a precise angular position. It has a variety of applications, ranging from medical to scientific.

Crystallography

A goniometer measures the angle between the faces on a crystal.

In crystallography, a goniometer is used to measure the angles between the faces on crystals. The device was first developed in 1780, and consisted of two limbs connected by a simple joint. Since the development of x-ray diffraction, goniometry is used less in crystallography.

Physical Therapy

A goniometer can be used to measure the range of motion of a joint.

For physical therapy, a goniometer is used to measure the range of motion of a joint. It is a 180-degree protractor that can be used to mark the progress of a patient's movement through a therapy session. In this case, the goniometer is made of a moving arm, a stationary arm and a fulcrum.

Radios

With a radio receiver, goniometers are used with directional antennas to determine the angular direction of an incoming radio signal. They have been employed in this capacity for both civil and military purposes.

References

• "Measurement of Joint Motion: A Guide to Goniometry"; Cynthia C. Norkin; 2009
• "Goniometer: Webster's Timeline History, 1766-2007"; Philip M. Parker; 2010