Definition of MSHA
In the U.S., mining is the most dangerous industry to work in. But in 1977, the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act passed, which was amended in 2006 by the Mine Improvement and New Emergency Response Act. The job of the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) is to administer these two acts. The organization's job is to enforce health and safety standards, reduce accidents, minimize health hazards and improve mine conditions.
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History
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The first mining regulation was passed in 1891, and it required mines in U.S. territories to have minimal ventilation and banned employing children less than 12 years of age. Regulation of mines gradually increased between the first legislation and the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977. The 2006 amendment required specific emergency planning, regulations for mine rescue teams and more serious civil penalties for violating its rules.
Safety Improvement
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The most deadly year for coal mining in the United States was 1907, when 3,242 people died in the industry. Most injuries and fatalities were caused by fires, explosions and cave-ins. However, with increased regulations, the rate of deaths and injuries steadily declined each year after 1907. Under the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act, mining deaths dropped from 272 in 1977 to 86 in 2000. Mining deaths continued to drop, with an average of 32 deaths a year from 2001 to 2005.
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Significance
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The Mine Safety and Health Administration oversees about 2,100 coal mines and 12,500 other mines across the U.S. The MSHA's vision is to one day have zero accidents or deaths in U.S. mines and end occupational sicknesses associated with mining.
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References
- Photo Credit mining box image by MLProject from Fotolia.com
