ASCII protocol is one of the tools used by computers and electronic devices to represent text in numerical form. While it is a simple and versatile tool, it does have its limitations.
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Background
According to ASCII Table, computers can only understand numbers. The American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) was developed so characters such as equal signs and letters could have a numerical representation.
Definition
PCMag defines ASCII protocol as the simplest communications protocol for text. The protocol uses ASCII control codes and only transmits ASCII characters.
Limitations
ASCII codes are the basis for many character-encoding schemes used. To accommodate the ever-increasing number of characters, the code periodically will get extension sets of codes. ASCII protocol is also one of the file-transfer protocols to transfer data over networks. When used in this fashion, ASCII protocol cannot transfer numerical data in binary code.