The History of Hypertext Transfer Protocol
HTTP, which stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol, is a set of standards detailing how distributed information systems communicate. It is the way that information is published and retrieved on the Internet.
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Project Xanadu
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The precursor to HTTP is Project Xanadu, founded in 1960 by Ted Nelson while attending Harvard University. Nelson continues to work on this hypertext protocol, but he has never released an official version.
Tim Berners-Lee
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Tim Berners-Lee wrote a program that became the foundation for the World Wide Web while working as a software consultant at CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, in 1989. The first use of hypertext occurred December 1990 at CERN. By the summer of 1991, HTTP became an Internet protocol, joining Telnet and other established protocols.
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Standardizing the Protocol
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In 1999, the Internet Engineering Task Force standardized HTTP in its HTTP/1.1 memo. This memo outlines the technical specifications of HTTP, from error codes to media types used. It is currently under review.
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