What Are the Causes of Equine Alopecia?
Alopecia---or hair loss---can be a sign of larger problem for horses. There are many reasons why a horse may be experiencing this condition; as a responsible horse caregiver, it is up to you to get to the bottom of it and begin treatment.
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Fungal Infections
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A horse can develop a fungal infection, such as ringworm or rain rot, that can cause patchy hair loss. These conditions usually begin as just a small patch, and can become crusty and very itchy.
Allergies
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A horse with allergies may experience hair loss. The horse may react to a topical product, such as fly spray or shampoo, or to something taken internally, such as a wormer.
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Parasites
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If your horse is battling certain types of parasites, it may experience alopecia. Lice or fleas can cause skin irritation and hair loss, while internal parasites may cause a horse to rub the base of its tail, resulting in hair loss.
Nutritional Deficiencies
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A horse that is not getting enough necessary nutrients, such as vitamin A, may display signs of an unhealthy coat. Make sure your horse is on a balanced diet and is getting everything its body needs. Talk to your veterinarian or an equine nutritionist if you need guidance.
Other Considerations
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Make sure your horse's tack, such as its saddle and girth, are not causing any problems. Ill-fitting or dirty tack can cause sores, wear unevenly on the hair, and pinch the horse. Some hair loss in horses is normal if they are shedding normally, though it can look patchy at times. Excessive dandruff can also lead to hair loss. Talk to your veterinarian if you are unsure of the cause of your horse's alopecia, and to help determine the best way to treat it.
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