What Is Gumbo File?

File, the powdered leaves of the sassafras tree, is used in Creole cooking to thicken and flavor broths and stews.

Significance

File (pronounced fee-lay) is a traditional ingredient of Louisiana cuisine. Often associated with gumbo, it is also frequently called gumbo file. The name comes from a French word for "thread."

History

File was introduced to European settlers by the Choctaw Indians of Mississippi, Alabama and Louisiana, who used the powder for medicinal purposes as well as in stews and soups.

Uses

The powder is often used to flavor and thicken gumbo and other Creole dishes. It is added to the dish after cooking but while it is still hot, as cooking the file can make the dish stringy.

Preparation

File is made from young, tender leaves from the sassafras tree, which are dried for up to a week. The leaves were traditionally ground by hand using a mortar and pestle.

Tips

Store file in an airtight container, for up to three or four months. Prolonged storage can cause the powder to lose its flavor, so buy in small quantities.

References

• Food Facts: Food Reference
• File
• Gumbo as History