Abnormal Nail Growth
Abnormal nail growth can affect the nails of the fingers or toes.The causes and types of abnormal nail growth vary from person to person. Once a doctor identifies the disorder that's causing the abnormality, a patient can begin treatment.
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Causes
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In many cases, underlying health problems, certain medications or trauma can cause the abnormal growth of fingernails. Medical causes can include hyperthyroidism, heart disease, anemia, malnutrition, diabetes and arthritis.
Types
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Abnormal nail growth can affect the shape, texture and color of the nail and can extend into the nail plate. The nail may become thick, the soft tissue under the nail may begin to spoon or pit and the actual fingernail may begin to look yellow or darken.
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Precautions
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The American Academy of Dermatology suggests that you keep your nails clean and dry, avoid biting them and removing the cuticles, and refrain from digging out ingrown toenails.
Diagnosis
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A dermatologist can diagnose most abnormal nail growth just by looking at the nail. If the nails have become thick and discolored, the dermatologist may take the patient's history and perform a physical exam and biopsy of the nail to diagnose the condition.
Treatment
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According to the American Academy of Dermatologists, “nails grow slowly, so they respond slowly to treatment.” Nails do not absorb topical medications well; a patient may be required to take oral medication. A growth abnormality caused by tumors or structural problems may require surgery.
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