Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy in Dogs

Dogs can be affected by any number of diseases, some of them fatal. Globoid cell leukodystrophy is one such disorder that has no treatment and ultimately leads to early death.

Identification

GCL is a canine neurological disorder where there is a lack of ß-galactocerebrosidase, the enzyme responsible for breaking down galactocerebroside, an element of myelin. Myelin is a fatty substance that helps control nerve impulses.

Features

When myelin decreases, the nervous system is affected. Signs of GCL include lack of coordination, tremors and weakness. Other symptoms are a stiff gait, loss of balance, behavioral changes and vision changes.

Affected Breeds

The Cairn and West Highland white terrier are the two breeds most affected by GCL. The beagle, miniature poodle, basset hound, pomeranian and blue tick hound have also sometimes been affected, according to the Canine Inherited Disorders Database.

Diagnosis

GCL is diagnosed through a magnetic resonance imaging, which will show the disease in the myelin. A specific blood test for GCL will also determine if a dog has the disorder.

Prognosis

GCL progresses rapidly in the Cairn and West Highland white terrier. Affected puppies appear normal but grow slower than littermates. Dogs with GCL generally die or are put down before adulthood.

References

• Canine Inherited Disorders Database: Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy