Subluxation of the Shoulder in Dogs

Yorkies can be prone to shoulder subluxation.

Luxation means that a joint is completely dislocated, while subluxation means that the joint is only partially dislocated. Shoulder instability subluxations in dogs happen to the forelegs where the leg meets the scapula, which is above the rib cage.

Causes

The dog's shoulder partially dislocates usually because the dog has fallen or received a terrible injury, such as getting hit by a car. Genetics also plays a factor, making some breeds more susceptible than others, according to "Dog Owner's Home Veterinary Handbook."

Breeds

Veterinary Surgical Associates notes that small and toy-sized breeds like Chihuahuas, Yorkshire terriers or Shetland sheepdogs are most prone to shoulder luxation and shoulder subluxation.

Symptoms

Dogs with shoulder subluxation have sudden lameness, swelling and the affected leg will often be coked in a bizarre angle. The dog may sit in a manner peculiar for that individual dog, according to Veterinary Surgical Associates.

Complications

The dog's shoulder needs to have struck some object with great force in order to knock the shoulder partially out of the socket. This may also lead to damage of tendons, cartilage or bone fractures, which can complicate treatment.

Treatment

Treatment includes pain medication, surgery, wearing a sling and rest. The dog also should have physical therapy, according to "Dog Owner's Home Veterinary Handbook."

References

• "Dog Owner's Home Veterinary Handbook"; Debra M. Eldredge, DVM, et al.; 2007
• Veterinary Surgical Associates: Surgery: Canine Shoulder Instability
• IVS.org: Dislocation of the Shoulder (Scroll down to Shoulder Subluxation)

Resources

• The Visual Dictionary: Skeleton of a Dog
• Canine Medial Shoulder Instability
• Canine Shoulder Lameness