What Is an MCA Stroke?

MCA strokes are caused by blockages in the brain's middle cerebral artery.

The MCA, or middle cerebral artery, is the carotid artery's largest branch. During an MCA stroke, the MCA becomes blocked and blood flow to parts of the brain is restricted or stopped altogether. Like all strokes, MCA stroke is a medical emergency.

Frequency

According to Washington University's Internet Stroke Center and the National Cardiovascular Data Registry, MCA strokes are the most frequent stroke type.

Risk Factors

People with a family history of stroke, hypertension, heart disease (especially atrial fibrillation), and diabetes are at an increased risk for stroke. Age and tobacco use also increase the risk of stroke.

Symptoms

Stroke symptoms can include facial numbness, vision changes, trouble speaking, confusion, loss of balance and severe headache. Stroke symptoms may vary based on where in the MCA the blockage is located.

Effects

MCA strokes can cause permanent numbness, vision changes, speech problems and attention problems. Immediate medical treatment may reduce the risk of permanent damage.

After Care

MCA stroke victims may require blood-thinning medication and rehabilitative therapy. Lifestyle changes and home modifications, such as the installation of ramps, might also be necessary.

References

• National Cardiovascular Data Registry: Neurovascular Anatomy, Strokes and Stroke Outcomes
• Washington University School of Medicine: Blood Vessels of the Brain
• American Heart Association: Let's Talk About Risk Factors of Stroke