What Are the Causes of a High PSA Score?
The Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) is a protein that is made by the cells in the prostate gland. First used in 1986, the PSA test measures the level of the antigen in a man's blood. A PSA level of 4 ng/mL (nanograms per milliliter) or below is considered normal. There are many reasons for a high PSA score.
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Age
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It is normal for PSA levels to be slightly higher as men age. A reading of 2 ng/mL might be considered normal for a 60-year-old man, but worrisome in a 40-year-old.
Benign Conditions
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Two non-life threatening conditions are frequent causes of elevated PSA scores: benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) which is an enlarged prostate, and prostatitis which is inflammation of the prostate.
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Infection
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Urinary tract infections can elevate a PSA score. Urinary tract infections are easily detectable with a urine test and highly treatable with antibiotics.
Cancer
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An increased PSA could be an indication of prostate cancer. A biopsy (removal of prostate tissue) is necessary in order to make a cancer diagnosis. The advent of the PSA has greatly increased early detection of prostate cancer which has exponentially increased survival rates.
Warning
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The PSA test is notoriously sensitive. If your first test comes back with a high PSA score, it is advisable to have a second test done.
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References
- Photo Credit stethoscope image by Adam Borkowski from Fotolia.com
