Leg Swelling & Pain

Our legs carry us through our day, so when they are painful or swollen, our lives are greatly affected.

Injuries to the leg commonly occur, often resulting in debilitating pain and swelling, which hampers everyday activities, or brings them to a grinding halt. Understanding the underlying cause of the pain allows you to treat it appropriately.

Causes

Common acute injuries to the leg include muscle strains, ligament sprains, torn cartilage, contusions and fractures. Common chronic injuries include bursitis, stress fractures, patellar tracking problems and tendinopathy. All injuries, acute or chronic, may lead to swelling. Life-threatening blood clots may also cause pain and swelling.

Evaluation

See a physician in the event of leg pain or swelling, as this may point to a sign of serious damage or chronic condition. A physician will perform orthopedic tests, and if necessary will order an X-ray, MRI or other test.

Treatment

To decrease pain and swelling, use the RICE principle: rest, ice, compress and elevate the area. After swelling subsides, begin rehabilitation.

Considerations

Continuing with normal activity on a painful or swollen leg may cause further damage. Consult a physician in the case of any acute injury, or if pain persists after gradual onset.

Prevention

Perform a proper warm-up before physical activity, and improve overall strength and flexibility. When starting a new exercises program, start gradually, and always use proper form when lifting weights or performing other exercises.

References

• "Examination of Orthopedic and Athletic Injuries"; Chad Starkey, Sara D. Brown, Jeff Ryan; 2009