What Is a Byproduct of Condensation of Two Molecules of Glucose?
When two glucose molecules undergo a condensation reaction, a single water molecule (H2O) is given off as a byproduct. Glucose structure and product descriptions clarify this. Repeated condensation gives a long glucose chain. The condensation process proceeds and can be reversed with proper enzymes.
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Glucose Structure
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Glucose has a carbon/oxygen backbone. Other hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen atoms are on the sides of the backbone. The UK Biotopics website has excellent glucose structure illustrations.
Reaction Products
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Two glucose molecules have "OH" groups facing each other. Condensation produces a water molecule and an oxygen atom with two bonds (OH + OH -> H2O + -O-). The "-O-" portion connects two glucose molecules, combining them into one longer chain-like formation as outlined in Clinton Community College's Organic Chemistry--Condensation article.
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Repeated Process
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Condensation reactions repeated over many glucose molecules in a row give biochemically complex sugars (polysaccharides). These complex molecules are necessary for cell function.
Enzyme Assistance
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Glucose condensation is typically assisted by an enzyme type (synthase). Synthase is not used up during reactions, but instead facilitates and speeds up the process.
Reverse Reaction
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The condensation reaction can proceed in reverse. Two bonded glucose molecules and a water molecule combine to absorb the H2O among the two glucose fragments. As a result, the glucose portions separate.
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