Which Type of Soil Affects the Growth of a Tomato Plant the Most?

Soil conditions affect health and yield of tomato plants.

The condition of the soil in which tomatoes grow affects the health and productivity of the plant, according to Paul Lopes of the University of Massachusetts Extension. Texture, pH level, soil temperature and nutrients all must be considered when planting tomatoes.

Soil Composition

Sandy loam is ideal for tomatoes because it offers good drainage and warms quickly. Heavy clay soils should be supplemented with organic material such as peat or compost.

pH Level

Tomatoes produce most abundantly with pH levels between 6.0 and 6.6.

Soil Temperature

Tomatoes require soil temperatures above 55 degrees. Cold soils prevent germination and inhibit growth.

Nutrients

Soil that contains high amounts of nitrogen will enhance the growth of foliage but limit production of fruit. Paul Lopes of the University of Massachusetts Extension recommends improving soil fertility by using 5-10-10 fertilizer at the rate of 3 pounds per 100 square feet, once or twice after the first tomatoes appear.

Moisture

Clay soil dries out more quickly than loam and can result in blossom-end rot or splitting of tomatoes. Ensure uniform moisture, and water as needed if rainfall is less than 1 inch a week.

References

• University of Massachusetts UMass Extension Agriculture and Landscape Program: Growing Tomatoes in the Home Garden; Paul Lopes; April 2009

Resources

• North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service: Growing Tomatoes for Home Use; Larry Bass
• The Gardener's Network: How to Grow Tomatoes