Why Do We Break Down Glucose?

Your body breaks down carbohydrates into glucose and breaks down glucose for energy. It takes energy to pump your heart; to move your muscles; and to build, maintain and repair your body's tissues. Every single activity that goes on in your body requires energy.

Features

You obtain the energy you need to keep your body running from three sources: carbohydrates, fats and proteins. Carbohydrates are the body's main source of energy.

Recommendation

According to Food and Drug Administration recommendations, 45 to 65 percent of your daily calorie intake should consist of carbohydrates.

Benefits

Your body breaks down each type of fuel nutrient differently. The pathway that glucose follows when it's broken down offers the most efficient means of obtaining energy.

Function

The energy contained in glucose molecules is held in the chemical bonds that bind the carbon (C) atoms within it (from carbon dioxide) to the water molecules within it. Through a process known as cellular respiration, this bond is broken, and the energy stored within is release and converted into another type of energy known as adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Interesting Fact

Your brain consumes more energy than any other organ. And, unless your body is starved for glucose calories, glucose is the only fuel that the brain runs on. The adult human brain requires approximately 120 g (equivalent to 480 calories) of glucose per day.

References

• John Jay College: Nutrients and Biochemistry
• University of Kentucky: Metabolism
• Phillips Exeter Academy: Brain's Blood Supply