Difference Between All-Wheel & Front-Wheel Drive

Audi pioneered the use of AWD in racing.

Front-wheel and all-wheel drive are the two most popular drive systems for passenger cars in America, and each has its strengths and weaknesses.

Front Drive History

The first commercial front-wheel drive (FWD) applications were from the German DKW auto company in 1931.

All-Wheel Drive History

All-wheel drive (AWD) was first used by Audi for rally racing in 1976, when a rule change allowed the use of four-wheel drive systems in this sport for the first time.

Difference

FWD uses a transaxle that drives only the front wheels, and all-wheel drive systems power all four wheels.

Power Split

AWD systems typically send most of the power to the front wheels, and only engage the rear axle if slippage is detected.

AWD Advantages

Because AWD drive systems distribute the forward-drive duties among all four wheels, there is more traction available for steering at the front. This stands in contrast to FWD cars, which tend to corner very poorly under throttle because one or both of the steer tires lose traction.

References

• 4x4abc.com: 4WD Basics
• 4wdonline.com: 4WD Glossary
• Isham-research.com: Audi Quattro History

Resources

• FWD vs. AWD vs. 4WD