Potassium is an electrolyte needed in the body for muscle function and for the nervous system. A healthy diet can provide adequate potassium intake and levels; however, athletes and others who lose a lot of fluids may need more. Potassium balances water and acid in the body and also promotes muscle growth and repair. Certain disease make it necessary to avoid getting too potassium.

Significance

People who suffer with diabetes, kidney diseases and renal failure cannot metabolize many minerals, potassium being one of them. They must be careful to avoid foods high in potassium such as meats, apricots, bananas, cantaloupe, milk, kiwi and lima beans.

Considerations

There is no RDA standard for potassium; however, the National Library of Medicine suggests that 2 to 2.5 grams daily of potassium is adequate. The Institute of Medicine recommends 4,000 mg a day. The average American receives 2 to 6 grams daily through diet.

Identification

Too much potassium present in the blood is a medical condition referred to as hyperkalemia. Symptoms include palpitations, stomach cramps, diarrhea, muscle spasms, anxiety, fatigue, a weak pulse and heart failure.

Effects

When too much potassium is in the body, muscles and nerves can short circuit and the heart can stop beating. High levels are most frequently the result of kidney disease or an infection.

Insight

Many people with high blood pressure follow a high-potassium/low-sodium diet referred to as the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet. Some medications, including blood pressure medicines, anti-inflammatory medications and heparin (a blood-clotting drug), can cause an increase in potassium levels.

Prevention/Solution

Ingesting large amounts of potassium or taking in more than the body needs will not make a person healthier; in fact, it may be dangerous. A healthy diet and plenty of fluids is optimal for performance and wellness.

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