What Is the Decomposition Reaction for Potassium Bicarbonate?

Potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3) decomposes in the presence of heat (above 100 degrees C) into potassium carbonate (K2HCO3), water (H2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2). The reaction is given as 2 KHCO3 --> K2CO3 + H2O + CO2. Continued heating can further decompose the potassium carbonate into potassium oxide.

Appearance

Potassium bicarbonate appears as a white, odorless granular powder.

Solubility

Potassium bicarbonate is soluble in water but insoluble in alcohol. Potassium bicarbonate is frequently used as a buffer with a pH of 8.2 (slightly basic) in 0.1 molar solution.

Synthesis

Potassium bicarbonate is manufactured by reacting potassium carbonate with carbon dioxide and water.

Uses

Potassium bicarbonate has many diverse applications, including agriculture, fire extinguishers, pharmaceuticals, and food.

Human Toxicity

Potassium bicarbonate is generally considered safe; however, the decomposition product, potassium carbonate, can form strong alkaline solutions, which are caustic to human tissue.

References

• Potassium Bicarbonate Handbook
• Potassium Bicarbonate MSDS
• Potassium Carbonate MSDS