The Difference Between Policies & Laws

Policies and laws are critical components of our society and government. They establish public priorities, help maintain order and safety, and play an important role in shaping the political and social fabric of communities at every level--from towns and cities to states and the nation.

What Is a Policy?

A policy is a "set of decisions which are oriented towards a long-term purpose or to a particular problem," according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, an international organization with considerable lawmaking and policy development power.

What Is a Law?

The law is a system of rules that must be obeyed by private citizens, groups and companies as well as public figures, organizations and institutions. Laws are enforceable by the judicial system.

Who Makes laws?

State law is made by state legislatures. National laws are made by Congress, which is made up of the House of Representatives and the Senate. When laws are challenged, courts can uphold them or declare them unconstitutional.

Who Sets Policy?

Policy makers are those who make the plans and set the goals that are then pursued by a governing body. In American national government, popular opinion and voting behavior is an important factor that drives policy makers - elected leaders and other influential figures - to set a policy agenda that can lead to lawmaking.

What Is the Difference Between Law and Policy?

A law is a legally enforceable rule with which policies--and individual actions--must comply. A policy is a broader set of initiatives, decisions, priorities or guidelines that address a goal and a plan for its achievement. For example, a movement to develop and pass laws that limit or ban harm to the environment demonstrates environmentally friendly policy.

References

• Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: Definition of Policy
• Ben's Guide to U.S. Government: How Laws Are Made