Vermiculite is a natural volcanic material similar to mica. Processed vermiculite has an expansive, foam-like texture that makes it an ideal soil conditioner. Soil conditioned with vermiculite is popular in horticultural applications.
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Mineral vermiculite is harvested from volcanic regions of the world. Manufacturers then subject the mineral to intense heat, which causes the particles to expand into accordion-shaped, airy granules.
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Vermiculite has a neutral pH (7) and it is completely odorless and sterile. Horticulturists favor it over other soil conditioners because it does not degrade over time; it is a permanent addition to the soil.
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The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) warns that vermiculite is a potential carcinogen if it is used in home insulation systems. However, this risk is not present when it is used to condition soil.
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Vermiculite particles help to give soil a more loamy, water-retentive texture. Because it is naturally germicidal and sterile, it can also help to prevent the buildup of molds and bacteria in soil.
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Vermiculite can be purchased in garden-supply stores and agricultural centers. It is also a very common component of commercial potting soil.
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