What Makes a Baby Premature?
The arrival of a baby is one of the most exciting things that can happen in a family. However, sometimes there are complications at the end of a pregnancy that can cause the baby to be born before the normal 40 weeks of gestation. Understanding the facts behind the birth of premature babies is important for families welcoming one of these little ones into the world.
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About
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A baby is considered to be premature if the birth occurs prior to the 37th week of gestation. Many people refer to premature babies as preemies.
Facts
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Approximately 10 percent of babies born in the United States are considered to be preemies. The earlier into the pregnancy the baby is born, the higher the risk of complications.
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Causes of Premature Birth
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There are several reasons why a baby could be born premature, including multiple gestation, such as having twins or triplets; too much or too little amniotic fluid; diabetes; preeclampsia; fibroids; high blood pressure; smoking; drug use; or an infection. If the mother has had a previous baby born prematurely there is an addition risk of 20 percent to 40 percent that another baby will also be premature.
Complications
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Jaundice, anemia and difficulty eating are some of the minor complications and the serious complications include difficulty breathing, brain bleeds and other infections.
Immediate Medical Care
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Typically, preemies are cared for within the hospital's NICU, or neonatal intensive care unit, of a hospital after they are born. Careful monitoring of formula or breast milk intake during this time is essential, as preemies need frequent feedings of small amounts.
Ongoing Medical Care and Prognosis
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Once released from the hospital, preemies need continued monitoring of breathing ability, feeding amounts and motor skill developments. Often, doctors recommend devices that monitor the preemie's breathing.
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