Chameleon Mouth Disease

Chameleon mouth disease, also known as infectious stomatitis or mouth rot, is a bacterial infection. It affects the gum, palate or tongue. Antibiotics are usually given to treat the infection.

Significance

Chameleon mouth disease is the end result of poor nutrition and improper care. Mouth inflammation is a response to stresses such as poor temperature regulation, over-crowding, vitamin C deficiency and improper calcium or phosphorous levels. These stresses diminish the immune system, leaving chameleons susceptible to bacterial infection.

Symptoms

Symptoms of chameleon mouth disease are loss of appetite, swelling of lips, skin discoloration and white mold chunks in oral mucous.

Diagnosis

To arrive at a diagnosis, the veterinarian will observe the symptoms, take a sample of blood to determine the complete blood count and grow cultures from mucus to determine the bacteria responsible.

Treatment

Antibiotic injections are the primary treatment option. Additionally, dead tissue in the mouth are removed, and the area is washed with antiseptic solution. The environment that houses the chameleon must remain warm and constant during recovery. Hand feeding is recommended.

Prevention

Simple measures can be taken to prevent mouth disease in chameleons. Enclosures should be properly cleaned and disinfected. Enclosures should maintain a proper temperature range, which does not fluctuate wildly. Ensure chameleons are fed properly.

References

• The Chameleon Handbook: Local Infections
• Pet Club UK: The The Chameleon Owner's Manual
• Pet Education: Infectious Stomatitis (Mouth Rot) in Reptiles