What Are the Effects of Potassium Chloride on the Heart?
Potassium chloride (KCl) is a salt that can be taken medically as a capsule, tablet, liquid or powder mix, but it can also be used for lethal injections. Both functions involve its effect on the heart.
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Potassium
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The body needs potassium to assist several functions, including heartbeat. Potassium chloride can be used to raise levels of potassium in the bloodstream.
Heart Activity
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Because potassium ensures regular heartbeat, heart activity (particularly electrical activity) can be measured with an electrocardiograph to see if the potassium chloride is working.
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Lethal Injections
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In lethal injections, potassium chloride is the third injection--after sodium thiopental and pancuronium bromide--and is used to induce cardiac arrest and permanently stop the heart.
Side Effects
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Uneven heartbeat is a serious potential side effect of potassium chloride. Other side effects can include weak muscles, increased thirst, stomach pain, diarrhea and vomiting.
Warnings
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Potassium chloride should not be taken if one has high potassium levels, kidney failure, Addison's disease, dehydration or tissue injury such as severe burns. Presence of heart disease or high blood pressure would require a change in prescription.
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