Why Is Giza an Important Place in the History of Egyptian People?

The Great Pyramids of Giza

Few locations in Egypt are more fascinating or more steeped in history than Giza. The valley of Giza contains some of the most familiar and important architectural wonders in the world.

Features

The valley of Giza contains four structures important to Egyptian history: the Great Sphinx, the Great Pyramid of Khufu, the Pyramid of Khafre, and the Pyramid of Menkaure. Giza also contains many smaller tombs and temples.

Significance

The pyramids of Giza weren't only built as monuments; they were built as tombs for the pharaohs and their families. The pyramids were part of a larger complex that included temples, houses for priests, and barracks for workers. These massive monuments have lasted thousands of years as testaments to Egyptian history and culture.

History

Fourth Dynasty pharaohs Khufu (ruled 2589 to 2566 BCE), Khafre (ruled 2520 to 2494 BCE), and Menkaure (ruled 2490 to 2472 BCE) commissioned the building of the pyramids between 2589 and 2460 BCE. Khafre was also responsible for the Great Sphinx.

Geography

Giza and its monuments are in northern Egypt, near Cairo and close to the Nile River.

Fun Fact

Until 1889 when the Eiffel Tower was erected, the Great Pyramid of Khufu was the tallest structure in the world.

References

• Minnesota State University E-Museum: Giza
• "A World History of Architecture;" Marian Moffett, Michael Fazio, Lawrence Wodehouse; 2004
• "A History of Ancient Egypt;" Nicolas Grimal; 1994

Resources

• Fordham University's Internet African History Sourcebook: Egypt