Herpes Simplex vs. Herpes Zoster

Herpes Simplex type I (HSV-1) and type II (HSV-2), and the Varicella zoster virus (VZV) are classified as herpes viruses. HSV-1 causes cold sores and fever blisters; HSV-2 causes blisters on the genitals and anus, and VZV causes chickenpox (varicella) and shingles (herpes zoster).

Symptoms

These viruses cause a burning, tingling sensation followed by small, painful, fluid filled blisters around the mouth (HSV-1), the genitals and anus (HSV-2); herpes zoster blisters usually appear in a line on one side of the body, usually on the back, face and abdomen.

Prevelance

HSV-1 can affect anyone; HSV-2 affects people who are sexually active. Herpes Zoster can affect anyone who has had chickenpox, although it usually affects people over 50.

How the Virus is Spread

Herpes Zoster is not contagious; however, contact with fluid from a blister can cause chickenpox in people who have not previously had chickenpox. HSV-1 and HSV-2 are contagious, and are spread by contact with fluid from the blisters. HSV-2 is commonly spread by sexual contact.

Dormant Virus

After initial infection, these viruses remain dormant in the nerve ganglions. Symptoms of HSV-1 and HSV-2 can reoccur following stress, trauma or illness. The cause of an outbreak of herpes zoster is unknown.

Treatment

Herpes viruses are treated with antiviral medications (acyclovir, valacyclovir), which can be given daily if needed. Pain medication is often prescribed.

References

• Herpes Simplex
• Herpes Simplex and Zoster
• Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)

Resources

• Herpes Simplex and Zoster