Lice Facts
An infestation of lice, also known as pediculosis, is a common condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Although lice don't pose a severe health threat in most cases, the condition is uncomfortable and embarrassing and is especially common in children.
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Description
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Lice are tiny parasitic insects that attach themselves to the hair and clothing of humans and feed off the person's blood. Adult lice are grayish brown and the size of a sesame seed.
Types
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The three common types of lice are similar in appearance but infest different parts of the human body. Head lice attach to the hair on the head and sometimes the eyebrows or eyelashes. Pubic lice (sometimes called "crabs") can be found on the hairs of the genital region. Body lice are not generally found on the body but rather in the seams and fibers of clothing.
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Transmission
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Lice are transmitted easily through body contact, sexual intercourse and the sharing of personal items such as combs, brushes, towels, linens and even clothing.
Symptoms
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Symptoms of a lice infestation include persistent itching and small sores or scabs on the skin. Small white eggs may be attached to strands of hair, or small insects may be found near the skin.
Home Treatment
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Treatment of lice is necessary and can be challenging. Many commercial shampoos, soaps and sprays are available. To treat lice completely, bedding, clothing and stuffed toys may need to be thoroughly washed and disinfected.
Medical Treatment
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When home treatments don't get rid of the lice infestion, physicians often prescribe medications such as malathion lotion, Kwell lotion or shampoo or a pill called ivermectin to treat the problem. Antihistamines are commonly used to treat the itching caused by these insects.
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