Body Structure of Reptiles

There are an estimated 6,500 species of reptiles on the planet. Reptiles occupy both water and land. Although they vary greatly in size and appearance, there are several traits that they all share. All reptiles are ectotherms, vertebrates, lay eggs and have scaly skin.

Alligators and Crocodiles

Alligators and crocodiles have large bodies and long, thick tails. They have a long mouth with sharp teeth and strong jaws. They also have four powerful legs that propel them swiftly on land and in the water.

Snakes

Unlike most reptiles, snakes do not have legs. Instead, they have long, flexible muscular bodies with pointed tails. Snakes use their strong muscles to slide stealthily across the ground.

Lizards and Iguanas

Lizards and iguanas have bodies that are similar to, yet smaller than, those of alligators and crocodiles. They have small mouths, four thin legs and sharp teeth.

Turtles and Tortoises

Turtles and tortoises are reptiles that have protective shells and a retractable head and limbs. While turtles have flippers or webbed feet for swimming, tortoises have feet suitable for walking on land.

Tuataras

Tuataras have a row of spikes down their backs. These reptiles resemble lizards, but unlike lizards, they do not have external ears. Tuataras also have a "third eye" on their heads.

References

• San Diego Zoo

Resources

• National Geographic