Smog Check Requirements
The EPA sets federal air quality standards for metropolitan population areas. In an effort to meet these standards, automobile manufacturers are required to equip cars with devices to reduce exhaust emissions. Many states assist in ensuring the equipment is properly maintained through mandated smog checks.
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Requirements
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Smog inspection checks are now mandated in most states and require older autos (usually more than six years) to be tested by licensed stations to determine the levels of pollution emitted by the car exhaust. The frequency of the test is determined by the model and age of the vehicle.
Certificates
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Autos meeting clean air requirements are issued a certificate that is submitted with the yearly registration. Cars failing to pass the test are given a deadline for repair and retesting.
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State-Operated Inspections
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Most states use garages and privately operated inspection centers licensed to conduct checks and issue certificates. Other states (such as California) have established a system of state-operated stations.
Exemptions
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Lightly populated counties are exempt from auto smog testing requirements. Most states also exempt motorcycles, motor homes, hybrid cars, electric and diesel-powered autos and small (under 14,000 lbs.) natural gas vehicles.
Special Vehicles
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Vehicles made prior to the early 1980s (or 1975 in California) are also exempt from required testing in many states. Modern custom and imported cars are not exempt from the checks.
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