The Effects of Soil Pollution on Plants

The effects of soil pollution on plants are best understood by a review of its sources. Industrial pollution poses the most serious threat because of the highly toxic contaminants used and the great amounts released into the environment. Soils become contaminated through air and water pollution. Clean-up of soils is difficult and costly, often involving a combination of methods to decontaminate an area.

Industrial Sources

Soil pollution has many sources, including fossil-fuel emissions, mining and smelting, seepage from landfills, industrial wastes, and agricultural runoff.

Acid Rain

When contaminants reach the soil surface from acid rain or particulate matter, the soil chemistry is altered, lowering the pH, creating dead zones and leaving soils vulnerable to erosion.

Human Effects

Individuals contribute to soil pollution, generating more than 4 lbs. of trash each day and throwing out more than 2.5 million plastic bottles every hour, according to the Clean Air Council.

Long-Term Effects

Some toxins such as lead and cadmium persist in the soil and water, setting the stage for long-term impacts on species composition and wildlife.

Aluminum

When aluminum builds up in plants or accumulates in the soil, a plant's ability to absorb water is impeded, leaving plants with an inability to carry out photosynthesis or reproduce.

References

• Clean Air Council
• Lenntech
• Pollution Issues

Resources

• National Geographic
• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency