The Meaning of Figurative Language

Figurative language is a term used to describe language that uses comparisons, analogies or exaggerations ("figures of speech") to get the point across. Examples of figurative language include metaphor, simile and hyperbole.

Simile

A simile compares one thing to another, using the words "like" or "as." An example of a simile is: "Her hair shimmered like gold."

Metaphor

A metaphor is a stronger comparison than a simile as it does not use "like" or "as." Use of metaphor implies that the things being compared are equal, for instance: "Her hair was gold."

Metonymy

In metonymy, the name of a thing is replaced by something associated or attributed to it. Examples include referring to a monarch as the crown or to theater as the stage.

Hyperbole

Hyperbole is an extreme exaggeration used for emphasis and not meant to be believed. Examples of hyperbole include "I could eat a horse" and "older than time."

Alliteration

Alliteration is figurative language in which consonants are repeated, usually at the beginning of words.

References

• The Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory; J. A. Cuddon; 1998