Duties & Obligations of Countries
International criminal law provides for cooperation among countries in the apprehension of suspects and the provision of evidence.
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Treaties
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Countries have treaties with each other regarding how they will deal with international crime. The United Nations Model Treaties give a general idea of what these treaties contain. Look up specific treaties between specific countries to get their content or see the model treaties for a general idea.
Extradition
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The U.S. has an extradition treaty with Argentina. Each country pledges to the other it will assist the other in delivering the other countries' citizens whom the partner country has charged with a crime.
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Mutual Cooperation
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Countries make treaties with each other for mutual cooperation on criminal investigations. This includes collection of evidence and other related matters.
Special Agreements
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Some countries have other treaties between them. These treaties involve specific subjects. Examples of these subjects are drugs, corruption or terrorism. A specific example is the United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime.
Extradition Procedures
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When one country wants an arrest to be made in another and the countries have an extradition treaty, the requesting country makes the request through diplomatic channels. The target country then follows the procedure outlined in the extradition treaty. In the U.S., a magistrate judge can take evidence on whether the person should be extradited, and if so, issue a warrant for arrest for that person.
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