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Facts About Cesium

Cesium (Cs) is a chemical element that has the atomic number 55. It's a soft, silver-gold metal that melts at 83 degrees Fahrenheit and is most well-known for its use in atomic clocks.

  1. Physical Characteristics

    • Cesium is one of only five metals that are liquid at near-room temperature. Cesium also reacts violently with cold water, and cesium hydroxide is an extremely powerful base.

    History

    • Cesium was discovered in 1860 by Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff with spectroscopic analysis, the first element to be so discovered. It was first isolated in 1882 by Carl Setterberg.

    Occurrence

    • Cesium is primarily obtained from the mineral pollucite. It's most often isolated commercially from ore through the electrolysis of cesium cyanide.

    Clocks

    • Cesium is used in atomic clocks that can remain accurate to seconds over thousands of years. The International System of Units (SI) currently defines the second as 9,192,631,770 cycles of cesium 133.

    Drilling

    • The most common use of cesium today is in drilling fluids that reduce the friction on the drill. Cesium formate is a highly dense and relatively benign solid that is suspended in the drilling fluid.

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