Life Cycle of AIDS
AIDS is a deadly infectious disease that strikes thousands around the world every year, and at present there is no known cure. It is caused by infection with the HIV virus. How does the virus cause this deadly disease? Here is a breakdown of the life cycle of AIDS.
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Infection
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The virus enters the body when infected body fluids (like blood or semen) come into contact with an uninfected host, typically through an open wound. Once the virus enters the bloodstream, it attacks the body's immune system, invading T-cells and using them to reproduce. This reproduction weakens and eventually destroys the host immune cells.
From HIV to AIDS
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As the virus spreads through the body, more T-cells are destroyed. When the number of T-cells present within the body falls below 200, the patient is said to have AIDS.
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How Soon After Infection?
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The virus commonly does not do enough damage to cause AIDS for several years. In fact, the virus can actually hide in lymph cells and other areas for years before it can be detected.
Once AIDS Is Diagnosed
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Because having HIV and AIDS significantly weakens the immune system, patients are highly susceptible to diseases such as pneumonia or tuberculosis. Following a doctor's recommendations and taking good care to stay healthy are the best ways to avoid contracting illnesses.
Things to Watch For
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AIDS patients must closely monitor their own health and habits. Any skin lesions, weight loss or diarrhea should be reported right away.
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References
- Photo Credit C. Goldsmith; CDC.gov, NIAID; www3.niaid.nih.gov
