Complications of Colds & Flu

Colds are viruses that affect the nose and throat and influenza (flu) is a more serious viral infection that affects the nose, throat, bronchial tubes and lungs. Most healthy people get through a cold or flu without a problem, but complications sometimes develop.

Ear Infection

Colds and flu may cause ear infections, especially in children. Ear pain, fever, dizziness and temporarily impaired hearing may occur with an ear infection.

Sinus Infection

Cold and flu sufferers may end up with a sinus infection. Facial pain, pressure and swelling may be present, along with a thick nasal discharge, and possibly a fever.

Bronchitis

Bronchitis occurs when the lining of the bronchial tubes become inflamed, and it can be brought on by a cold or the flu. Symptoms can vary, but may include coughing up mucus, wheezing, fever, chills and shortness of breath.

Pneumonia

Pneumonia, or inflammation of the lungs, can be a serious complication of colds and flu. Symptoms can include fever, cough, difficulty breathing, chest pain, chills, sweating, headache, muscle pain and fatigue.

Encephalitis

Inflammation of the brain, or encephalitis, is a rare flu complication. Mild flu-like symptoms are common with encephalitis, but more serious mental changes are possible.

References

• Mayo Clinic
• Mayo Clinic
• National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Resources

• American Academy of Family Physicians