Resistant Bacteria Infections

Bacteria are microscopic organisms that live in virtually every environment on Earth. While most bacteria are harmless or beneficial, a small percentage can cause illness in humans. These bacteria are referred to as pathogens. The introduction of antibiotics has resulted in the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, the most well-known of which is probably methicillin-resistant Staphaloccocus aureus (MRSA).

Resistant Infections

Resistant bacteria infections are caused by bacteria that are not killed or that are only slowed by traditional antibiotics such as penicillin, methicillin and amoxicillin.

Transmission

Most resistant bacteria infections are acquired in hospitals or health care facilities after medical procedures, but they also can be transmitted from person to person.

Development

Resistant bacteria have genetic mutations that allow them to survive exposure to antibiotics. These mutations can be passed on as the bacteria reproduce.

Inter-species

Resistant bacteria can be transmitted from a person to an animal, and resistant bacteria infections are common among farm animals.

Treatment

Treatment of resistant bacteria infections, particularly MRSA, is difficult, as they generally respond to only one antibiotic: vancomycin. There is evidence that some bacteria are developing vancomycin resistance.

References

• Introduction: Bacterial Infections
• MRSA: Treatment and drugs

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