Job evaluation is the systematic process of assessing and determining the value of jobs performed within the organization and the relative value or worth of the employee's efforts. The four major methods of job evaluations are job ranking, job classification, factor comparison, and the point method.
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The job ranking method is the simplest and easiest job evaluation method; jobs and the employees who perform those jobs are ranked from highest to lowest depending on their quality and value to the organization.
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The job classification method uses job classes or job groups to provide more customization in the evaluation. This method also uses scales to measure performance rather than comparing and ranking employees.
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The factor comparison method is more scientific and complex than any other method. Each job is ranked according to a specific set of factors, such as physical effort, mental effort, or responsibility, all of which have predetermined weights indicating their importance to success.
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The point method measures performance through scales and job factors rather than focusing on entire job functions and ranking employees against each other.
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The point method is usually seen as the most reliable and valid evaluation method by employees compared to more subjective methods such as the job ranking method.
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