Kidney Failure in Cats
Acute kidney failure can affect cats of any age, whereas chronic kidney failure tends to occur mostly in senior cats. Therefore it is highly recommended for owners of cats over the age of seven to have them undergo blood work and urine tests during their yearly wellness exams.
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Function
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The kidney's main roles consist of eliminating waste products from the cat's body, regulating electrolytes and producing concentrated urine. When the kidney's function is impaired, waste products accumulate in the cat's body, causing health to deteriorate.
Types
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Acute renal failure occurs suddenly, whereas chronic kidney failure is progressive and irreversible.
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Symptoms
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Cats affected by kidney failure may develop some or all of the following symptoms: increased drinking and increased urination, nausea, vomiting, constipation, lethargy, weight loss, oral ulcers, ammonia smelling breath, dull coat, muscle wasting, dehydration and, eventually, convulsions and coma.
Causes
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Acute renal failure is often caused by trauma, ingestion of poisons, urinary obstructions or infectious diseases, whereas chronic renal failure has been attributed to aging, genetic predispositions, dental decay, low potassium levels, acidic diets and high blood pressure.
Diagnosis
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A urinalysis can help detect whether the kidneys are functioning well or not. Blood work checks the levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels.
Treatment
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Acute renal failure is a potentially fatal disease that requires prompt and aggressive treatment. While chronic renal failure is irreversible, it can be managed for many months or years when diet, medications and fluids are supplied.
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