Dog Periodontal Disease

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By Adrienne Farricelli
eHow Contributing Writer

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According to the American Veterinary Dental Society (AVDS), periodontal disease is the most common disorder affecting both dogs and cats. It is estimated that approximately 80 percent of dogs show symptoms of periodontal disease by age three. It is imperative that owners learn how to recognize the early symptoms and prevent this oral disease.

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Definition

Periodontal disease occurs in dogs when tartar accumulates on the surface of the teeth and gums, causing the gums to become inflamed (gingivitis). With time, the gums detach and develop ''pockets'' that trap bacteria that cause periodontal disease.

Symptoms

Dogs with periodontal disease will develop foul breath, loose teeth, red gums, oozing pus and blood from the gums, drooling, loss of appetite, difficulty eating, loss of appetite and irritability.

Complications

Left untreated, the bacteria can transfer to the blood stream. When this happens, the bacteria can travel towards vital organs, causing serious damage to the heart, liver and kidneys.

Treatment

Treatment varies depending on the extent of the disease. Antibiotics may be prescribed, but in most cases, a dental cleaning under anesthesia will be performed.

Prevention/Solution

Periodontal disease can be prevented by regularly brushing the dog's teeth and providing veterinarian-approved chew toys. Kibble is preferred over canned food.