The Effects of Glycolic Acid on Skin

Glycolic acid is a naturally occurring acid that is used as a common ingredient in both over-the-counter and prescription skin care products. Its structure is helpful in treating aging skin, as well as skin which suffers from acne.

Identification

Glycolic acid is a member of the alpha-hydroxy acid family, and can be sourced naturally from sugar crops. Glycolic acid is clear in color and free of fragrance. It is available in varying strengths that range from 2 to 80 percent.

Function

Glycolic acid works by penetrating the topmost layer of the skin. Its acidic properties dissolve dead, dry skin cells, revealing softer and smoother skin. For acne-prone skin types, glycolic acid aids in the killing of acne-causing bacteria.

Effects

The short-term effects of glycolic acid on skin include smoother, softer skin, a decreased appearance of fine lines and a reduction of blackheads and whiteheads. Long-term effects of glycolic acid on skin include a firmer, clearer and more youthful appearance.

Warning

To avoid severe sunburn, sunscreen must always be worn when using glycolic acid on the skin. Glycolic acid in strengths over 15 percent should only be used under the care of an aesthetician or medical professional.

Fun Fact

Commercial use of glycolic acid in strengths over 70 percent include dissolving large rust spots and stains.