Definition of a Buffer Solution

The pH of a solution defines its acidity or basicity. Often in chemistry, the pH needs to remain constant or at least fairly constant in order for an experiment to work properly. To do this, a solution buffer is used.

Identification

A buffer solution is made with a weak acid or base and commonly one of the salts related to it, making it an aqueous solution.

Function

A buffer solution works by removing hydrogen ions whenever an acid or a base is added to them in order to keep pH levels constant.

Enzymes

A buffer solution is found naturally in many different organisms, including humans. It is used to maintain the precise environments that are needed for enzymes to properly function.

Fermentation

Fermentation is another process that requires a strictly controlled environment in order for the yeast that makes beer and wine and similar beverages to live. A buffer solution is used here to maintain that control.

Buffering Agents

Buffering agents are added into a buffer solution to allow it to keep the pH level of a solution within certain ranges. Citric acid is a common agent because it can help tailor buffer solutions to a wide range of pH levels.