The Function of the Cortex in the Kidney

The kidneys are excretory organs located at the back of our abdominal cavity. It is a part of our urinary system and the primary organ responsible for sustaining body fluid homeostasis. The kidney consist of an outer part called cortex and an inner part called medulla.

Significance

The cortex contains the glomeruli, which filters the plasma fluids by size. It also contains the convoluted tubules of the nephron and blood vessels.

Blood Vessel Support

The cortex penetrates between the kidneys by inter-pyramidal extensions called renal columns, which acts as support to blood vessels.

Acid-Base Regulation

The cortex participates in the metabolism of kidneys by producing ammonia to titrate the acidity of urine.

Metabolic Waste Regulation

The cortex is also involved in the regulation of metabolic wastes such as urea, uric acid and creatinine.

Regulation of the Volume of Extracellular Fluid

The cortex helps in excreting concentrated or diluted urine, as required, to maintain the blood volume.

Resources

• Principal parts of the kidney