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What Is the Function of Cholesterol?

Cholesterol is a waxy fat-like substance naturally produced by the liver, and it is also acquired through food sources. Although many people have problems with too much cholesterol in their systems, which can be dangerous to health, a certain amount of cholesterol is necessary for proper body function.

  1. Cell Membrane Function

    • Cholesterol is a structural component of cell membranes, maintaining membrane function. For instance, cholesterol prevents crystallization of hydrocarbons in the membrane.

    Cell Membrane Permeability

    • Cholesterol also regulates cell membrane permeability, determining which molecules can pass into the cell and which cannot.

    Hormones

    • Some cholesterol in the body is converted to steroid hormones, including testosterone and estrogen.

    Digestion

    • In the liver, cholesterol is converted to bile, which contains bile salts. These bile salts assist in digestion of fats.

    Vitamin Absorption

    • Cholesterol's conversion to bile salts also is essential for absorption of the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K.

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