Definitions of Military Medals

As long as there have been standing armies and battles, there have been soldiers who have stood out for their bravery, skill and leadership. To recognize these warriors, medals are often awarded, but just what makes a military medal such an important honor?

Definition

Military medals are forms of commendation for certain actions performed by military personnel.

Types

The modern American military has two types of commendation: decorations and medals. Decorations are for meritorious service, usually in the form of a cross, hexagon or other shape; service medals are awarded for good conduct and participation in specific campaigns or expeditions.

Forms

American medals are made in four different forms. Medals can be full-size, which are regular ribbons and medals; miniature size, which are small medals and ribbon bars worn on dress uniforms; or enamel lapel pins, which are worn on civilian suits.

Famous Medals

The most famous medal in the American military is the Congressional Medal of Honor, which is awarded to soldiers who distinguish themselves "above and beyond the call of duty in the face of the enemy." Other medals include the Purple Heart, which is awarded to soldiers wounded in the line of duty, and the Silver Star, which is awarded for "gallantry in the face of the enemy."

Criteria

In the American Armed Forces, a soldier must be nominated for an award by his commanding officer. Higher-ups then review the soldier's performance to see if he behaved in accordance with the conditions of the medal (e.g., being wounded in the line of duty for a Purple Heart) before making the decision to grant the commendation.